Asana, the third limb of yoga in Patanjali's Yoga Sutras, refers to the practice of physical postures that prepare the body for meditation and cultivate a sense of physical and mental calm and stability. The primary aim of asana is not to achieve a specific physical shape but rather to find a steady and comfortable posture that can be sustained effortlessly for an extended period.
Through asana practice, the body can be aligned, circulation and respiration can be improved, and physical strength, flexibility, and endurance can be enhanced. Additionally, asanas have therapeutic benefits and can help alleviate various physical and mental conditions.
According to Maharishi Patanjali's Yoga Sutras, an asana should be steady and comfortable. This means that once the posture is assumed, it should be held for an extended duration without discomfort. The posture should be maintained with a relaxed, effortless, and comfortable effort, free from strain, tension, pain, or discomfort. The body should be in a state of equilibrium, with the spine straight and the breath slow and deep. This ideal state of asana creates stillness in the body, calmness in the breath, and quietness in the mind, preparing the practitioner for meditation.
However, it is important to acknowledge that each individual is unique, with different abilities and limitations. Therefore, it is crucial to adapt the asanas to suit one's own capacities and to practice under the guidance of a qualified teacher. A knowledgeable teacher can provide guidance to ensure that the asanas are performed safely and effectively, taking into account individual needs and abilities.
In summary, asana, the third limb of Patanjali's Yoga Sutras, involves the practice of physical postures that prepare the body for meditation. The goal of asana is not to achieve a specific physical shape but to find a steady and comfortable posture that can be maintained effortlessly. Regular asana practice improves body alignment, circulation, respiration, and physical attributes such as strength, flexibility, and endurance. It is essential to practice under the guidance of a qualified teacher who can ensure the safe and effective performance of asanas, considering individual differences and abilities.